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Build a Garden Trellis

A trellis is any structure made of pieces arranged in a crossing pattern, and is essentially a ladder for climbing plants.

 
 Materials 
Two 8-foot 2x4s
Six 8-foot 1x2s
1 pound of 1¼-inch deck screws
Small amount of gravel

 

 Tools 
Circular saw or hand saw
Drill
Post-hole digger or narrow shovel
Tape measure
Framing square
Level

Overview
Design a trellis to accommodate the climbing plant you have in mind. Some vines will grab onto any surface with grasping tendrils; bushier plants often need to be tied to a trellis. In general, the more delicate the climbing plant, the smaller the open spaces in a trellis should be.

The design below may be followed to the letter, or you can use it as a springboard for your own ideas. We use 2x4 posts and 1x2 crosspieces, but you may want smaller pieces for a more delicate look. Use lumber that is rot-resistant, such as dark heartwood of cedar, redwood, or pressure-treated wood.

Fig.1, Finished Trellis 1 Attach the long horizontals to the 2x4s.
Cut three pieces of 1x2 to 4 feet. Lay the two 2x4s on a flat surface, positioned so they are parallel and 42 inches apart. Lay the three 1x2s on top of the 2x4s, positioned as shown (see Figure 2). Use the framing square to see that the structure is square, and double-check with a tape measure to make sure that the 1x2s are parallel to each other. Drill pilot holes and drive two deck screws into each joint.

Fig. 2, Attaching Horizontals 2 Attach the vertical 1x2s.
Flip the structure over, so the 1x2s are lying on the working surface. Cut the three vertical 1x2s: two at 72 inches and one at 84 inches. Position the long vertical in the exact middle of the structure, its bottom end 2 inches below the bottom horizontal 1x2. Position the other 1x2s centered between the middle vertical and the 2x4s. Drill pilot holes and drive one screw into each joint.

3 Attach the short horizontals.
Flip the structure over again. Cut three 1x2s to 30 inches and one to 8 inches. Position them as shown in Figure 1 above, and attach them by drilling pilot holes and driving screws.

Fig. 3, Setting the Posts 4 Set the posts.
With a helper, position the structure where you want it to be, and mark the post holes. Dig them about 2 feet deep, and set the posts in the holes to test for the correct depth. Shovel 2 to 3 inches of gravel into the bottom of each hole, so rainwater can drain away from the post bottoms (see Figure 3).

Have a helper hold a level against one of the posts. When it is plumb, shovel dirt back into the hole, firmly tamping it around the post with a piece of 1x2. You will have to fill, tamp, and refill several times to get it firm enough. Mound the dirt up a bit, so rainwater can run away from the posts. Repeat for the other post.